linux 网络配置

一、netplan

vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml 

network:
  ethernets:
    enp1s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.0.84/24]
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8]
      routes:
      - to: default
        via: 192.168.0.1

netplan try
netplan apply
netplan --debug apply
netplan -d apply
networkctl status

network:
    version: 2
    renderer: networkd
#    renderer: NetworkManager
    ethernets:
        enp0s3:
            dhcp4: no
    #        dhcp6: no
        enp4s0:
            dhcp4: true

bonds:
    bond0:
        dhcp4: yes
        interfaces:
            - enp3s0
            - enp4s0
        parameters:
            mode: active-backup
            primary: enp3s0

bridges:
    br0:
        dhcp4: yes
        interfaces:
            - enp3s0

vlans:
    vdev:
        id: 101
        link: net1
        addresses:
            - 10.0.1.10/24
    vprod:
        id: 102
        link: net2
        addresses:
            - 10.0.2.10/24
    vtest:
        id: 103
        link: net3
        addresses:
            - 10.0.3.10/24
    vmgmt:
        id: 104
        link: net4
        addresses:
            - 10.0.4.10/24

二、network

vim /etc/network/interfaces

auto enp10s0
iface enp10s0 inet static
address 192.168.1.162
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.100
dns-nameservers 1.0.0.1,1.1.1.1

systemctl restart networking

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.22
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=114.114.114.114

systemctl restart network

三、NetworkManager

nmcli
nmtui

cat /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth1

[connection]
id=eth1
uuid=31b84fda-dc81-4871-a5e3-da34a74d8cc3
type=ethernet
interface-name=eth1
permissions=
timestamp=1701162383

[ethernet]
mac-address-blacklist=

[ipv4]
address1=192.168.0.75/24,192.168.0.1
dns=8.8.8.8;114.114.114.114;
dns-search=
method=manual

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy
dns-search=
ip6-privacy=0
method=auto

四、systemd-networkd

.network 文件，为匹配的设备提供一个网络配置 .netdev 文件，为匹配的环境创建一个虚拟网络设备 .link 文件，当网络设备出现时，udev 将查找第一个匹配的.link文件

[Match] Host= 主机名 Virtualization= 检查是否运行于虚拟机中

[NetDev] Name= 接口名称。必须提供 Kind= 例如：bridge, bond, vlan, veth, sit，等等。必须提供

cat 100-bind.network
[Match]
Name=eth0

[Network]
Bridge=br0

cat 100-br0.netdev
[NetDev]
Name=br0
Kind=bridge

cat 100-br0.network
[Match]
Name=br0

[Network]
Address=192.168.0.21/24
Gateway=192.168.0.1
DNS=114.114.114.114

/etc/systemd/network/MyDhcp.network
[DHCPv4]
UseHostname=false

/etc/systemd/network/MyDhcp.network
[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

/etc/systemd/network/10-dhcp.network
[Match]
Name=enp*
[Network]
DHCP=yes

静态网络可以配置成
/etc/systemd/network/20-static.network
[Match]
Name=enp0s3
[Network]
Address=192.168.0.22/24
Gateway=192.168.0.1
DNS=192.168.0.1

systemctl restart systemd-networkd

mac地址冲突

persistent random none

vim /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
[Match]
OriginalName=*

[Link]
NamePolicy=keep kernel database onboard slot path
AlternativeNamesPolicy=database onboard slot path
MACAddressPolicy=persistent

五、网络扫描

apt install -y nmap

 nmap -sP 192.168.0.0/24
 nmap -sS 192.168.0.0/24

六、ip命令

ip link add eth0 type dummy
ip link add eth1 type dummy

ip link set eth0 up
ip link set eth1 up

ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0
ip addr add 192.168.0.2/24 dev eth1

brctl addbr br0

ip link set br0 up

brctl addif br0 eth0 eth1

ip addr add 192.168.100.100 dev br0

ip route add default via 192.168.0.10 dev eth0

ip rule add from all to 192.168.0.10 dev eth0 table 1
ip rule add dev eth1 table 2

ip addr del 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0